Profit & Loss
Prepared Based on Previous Year Competititve exams
🔥 All Important Shortcut Formulas
Important Profit and Loss Questions
Q1: A dealer marks his luxury watches at a price that allows a 28% discount, yet he secures a 20% profit. If the actual profit earned on one watch is ₹3,080, what was the original cost to the dealer?
2. We know 20% = ₹3,080.
3. To find 100% (Total CP), multiply by 5: 3,080 × 5 = ₹15,400.
Q2: Rakesh sold his old bike at a loss of 15%. He calculated that if he had bargained for ₹30.60 more, he would have made a 9% gain. At what price should he sell it to earn a final profit of 10%?
2. Given that 24% = ₹30.60.
3. CP (100%) = (30.60 / 24) × 100 = ₹127.50.
4. New SP for 10% profit = 127.50 × 1.10 = ₹140.25.
Q3: An article with a tag price of ₹315 is sold for ₹288. Despite the discount, the shopkeeper incurs a 4% loss. How much percent above the cost price was the tag price initially set?
2. CP = 288 / 0.96 = ₹300.
3. Tag Price (MP) = ₹315.
4. Markup = 315 - 300 = 15. Markup % = (15/300) × 100 = 5%.
Q4: By exporting 18 units of a product for ₹11,664, a trader loses 10%. To recover and earn a 10% profit, how many units must he sell for a total of ₹17,424?
11664 / (18 × 90) = 17424 / (x × 110)
Solving for x: x = 22 units.
Q5: A retailer wants to offer a 12.5% festive discount but still needs a 20% margin. If the purchase price (CP) is ₹140, what should be the printed price (MP)?
MP / 140 = 120 / 87.5
MP = (120 × 140) / 87.5 = ₹192.
Q6: Radha marks her boutique items 25% higher. She sells 35% of stock at full price, 40% at a 15% discount, and the rest at a 20% discount. What is her net profit percentage on the total stock?
1. 35% sold at 125 (Profit 25).
2. 40% sold at 125 × 0.85 = 106.25 (Profit 6.25).
3. 25% sold at 125 × 0.80 = 100 (Profit 0).
Net Profit = (35×25 + 40×6.25 + 25×0) / 100 = 11.25%.
Q7: A dealer buys stock at a 20% discount on the company list price. He then marks it 25% above the list price and offers a 20% discount on his new price. What is his actual profit percentage?
1. CP = 100 - 20% = ₹80.
2. New MP = 100 + 25% = ₹125.
3. Final SP = 125 - 20% = ₹100.
4. Profit = 100 - 80 = 20. Profit % = (20/80) × 100 = 25%.
Q8: An investor sells two plots for ₹9,180 each. On one plot, he gains 8%, but on the other, he loses 15%. What is his overall monetary loss in the entire transaction?
2. CP2 = 9180 / 0.85 = ₹10,800.
3. Total CP = 19,300. Total SP = 18,360.
4. Loss = 19,300 - 18,360 = ₹940.
Q9: A merchant who marked his goods 35% above CP manages to sell them with a 20% net profit. What was the discount percentage offered to the buyers?
1. Discount Amount = 135 - 120 = 15.
2. Discount % = (15 / 135) × 100 = 11.11%.
Q10: A wholesaler buys 80 kg of rice at a 10% discount and receives 4 kg free as a promotional offer. If he sells the entire stock at the original MP, what is his profit percentage?
1. Cost Price = (80kg × 0.9) = ₹72.
2. Total Quantity = 80 + 4 = 84kg.
3. Total SP = 84kg × ₹1 = ₹84.
4. Profit % = (12 / 72) × 100 = 16.66%.
Q11: A trader sells 5/11 of his total inventory at a 27% loss. At what profit percentage must he sell the remaining inventory to reach a "No Profit No Loss" state overall?
(5 units × -27) + (6 units × x) = 0
-135 + 6x = 0 → 6x = 135
x = 135 / 6 = 22.5%.
Q12: A dishonest dealer marks up his goods by 20% on the CP but uses a weight of 900g instead of 1kg during the sale. What is his total effective profit percentage?
Ratio = (120/100) × (1000/900) = 4/3.
Profit = 1 part on 3 = 1/3 = 33.33%.
Q13: A man sells a furniture item at 10% profit. If he had bought it for 20% less and sold it for ₹20 more, his gain would have been 40%. Find the original Cost Price.
1. New CP = 80.
2. New SP = 80 × 1.4 = 112.
3. Difference = 112 - 110 = 2 units.
4. 2 units = 20, so 100 units = ₹1,000.
Q14: A manufacturer finds that the production cost (CP) of 40 articles is exactly equal to the revenue earned (SP) by selling 50 articles. What is the result?
Loss = 1 unit on CP of 5.
Loss % = (1/5) × 100 = 20% Loss.
Q15: A shopkeeper mixes 12 kg of premium rice bought at ₹30/kg with 8 kg of common rice at ₹40/kg. To earn a 25% profit on the blend, what is the selling price per kg?
2. Weighted Average CP = 680 / 20kg = ₹34/kg.
3. SP for 25% profit = 34 × 1.25 = ₹42.5.
Q16: An electronics item has an MP of ₹1200. After allowing three successive discounts of 10%, 8%, and 5%, what is the final selling price for the customer?
Q17: A store manager wants to secure a 20% gain on an item even after offering a 10% seasonal discount. What is the required markup percentage above the CP?
Markup = 1 part on 3 = 1/3 = 33.33%.
Q18: If a trader mistakenly calculates their profit based on the Selling Price and finds it to be exactly 20%, what is the true profit percentage on the Cost Price?
2. CP = SP - Profit = 100 - 20 = 80.
3. Actual Profit % (on CP) = (20 / 80) × 100 = 25%.
Q19: A textile brand offers a "Buy 5 Get 4 Free" deal during a clearance sale. What is the effective discount percentage the customer receives on the total items?
Discount % = (4 / 9) × 100 = 44.44%.
Q20: Two cameras were sold for ₹4,800 each. One resulted in a 20% gain, and the other resulted in a 20% loss. What was the net monetary loss on the total transaction?
2. CP2 = 4800 / 0.8 = ₹6,000.
3. Total CP = 10,000. Total SP = 9,600.
4. Net Loss = 10,000 - 9,600 = ₹400.
Follow Wisdom Helps by Mahesh Sir
Join our community for Exam-Level Shortcuts, PDFs, and PYQs!
Master Aptitude & Reasoning
Telegram Group
Paid Telegram Group
WhatsApp Channel
YouTube Channel
Follow on Instagram
